STEAM TURBINE 9 Condensing turbine Back pressure turbine Figure 7. Back Pressure and Condensing Turbine. Admitted steam Figure 8. Extraction and Admission Steam Turbine. STEAM TURBINE 10 VII. STEAM CONSUMPTION Steam consumption of steam turbine is depending to required output power and efficiency of the turbine. Efficiency will depend on. Condensing, Extraction and Induction Turbine is extracted from the turbine whenever the process line demand is greater than the supply from other sources, and steam is inducted from the process line into the Turbine whenever the process line demand is less than the low pressure supply from other sources.
Condensing steam turbines are most commonly found in electrical power plants. These steam turbine exhaust steam in a partially condensed state, typically of a quality near 90%, at a pressure well below atmospheric to a condenser.  The steam turbine operates on basic principles of thermodynamics using the part of the Rankine cycle. Superheated vapor (or dry saturated vapor, depending on application) enters the turbine, after it having exited the boiler, at high temperature and high pressure.
The high heat/pressure steam is converted into kinetic energy using a nozzle (a fixed nozzle in an impulse type turbine or the fixed blades in a reaction type turbine). Once the steam has exited the nozzle it is moving at high velocity and is sent to the blades of the turbine. A force is created on the blades due to the pressure of the vapor on the blades causing them to move.A generator or other such device can be placed on the shaft, and the energy that was in the vapor can now be stored and used. The gas exits the turbine as a saturated vapor (or liquid-vapor mix depending on application) at a lower temperature and pressure than it entered with and is sent to the condenser to be cooled. If we look at the first law we can find an equation comparing the rate at which work is developed per unit mass.
To maximize turbine efficiency the steam is expanded, doing work, in a number of stages. These stages are characterized by how the energy is extracted from them and are known as either impulse or reaction turbines. Most steam turbines use a mixture of the reaction and impulse designs: each stage behaves as either one or the other, but the overall turbine uses both. Typically, higher pressure sections are reaction type and lower pressure stages are impulse type. Extracting type or condensing type steam turbines are common in all applications. In an extracting type turbine, steam is released from various stages of the turbine, and used for industrial process needs or sent to boiler feed water heaters to improve overall cycle efficiency. Extraction flows may be controlled with a valve, or left uncontrolled.
POWER CAPABILITIES
- 100 kW to 3000 kW
- Speeds up to 5000 RPM
- Inlet pressures up to 67 bar / 972 psi
- Temperatures up to 500 °C / 932 °F
VARIANTS
- Back Pressure Turbines
- Condensing Turbines
Our single-stage steam turbines have been a fixture in most process industries for nearly 12 years, providing clients with economical and reliable mechanical drives for Pumps, Fans, Knives, Compressors, and Generators. For many years our engineering staff have worked with various consultants to meet the strict standards of API 611 and 612. Buffalo Turbines also offers of-of-its-kind single stage condensing turbines.
INDUSTRIES SERVED
Food processing, Chemical processing, Pharmaceutical, Steel, Paper, Sugar, Distilleries, Palm oil, Marine, Edible oil, Rice, Fertilizer, etc.
APPLICATIONS
Pump drives, Fan drives, Mill drives, Generator drives, Compressor drives, Knives and Shredder drives.
DESIGN CAPABILITIES
7 models, Horizontal (axial and radial split), Vertical, API 611 and 612 compliant, Overhung and “between the bearings” wheel designs, metallic or carbon seals, Electronic/Hydraulic Mechanical governors, Customized steam path components, Mechanical/Electronic safety trip system, Direct – drive or integral gear boxes with suitable lubrication systems.